SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Balcha, Yodit.

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Sustainable development; Irrigation management; Irrigation water; Irrigated farming; Irrigation systems; Supplemental irrigation; Land management; Land use; Investment; Case studies; Government policy; Rural poverty; Groundwater; Small scale systems; Socioeconomic development; Economic aspects; Economic growth; Income; Water management; Water resources development; Water harvesting; Water supply; Public policy; Agricultural production; Developing countries; Public-private cooperation; History; Case studies; River basins; Crop production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118411

A BEHAVIORAL APPROACH TOWARDS FUTURES CONTRACT USAGE.

Pennings, Joost M.E.; Leuthold, Raymond M..

We propose a behavioral decision-making model to investigate what factors, observable as well as unobservable, owner-managers consider regarding futures contract usage. The conceptual model consists of two phases, reflecting the two-stage decision structure of manager’s use of futures. In the first phase owner-managers consider whether futures are within the market choice set for the enterprise. In the second phase the owner-manager decides whether or not to initiate a futures position when confronted with a concrete choice situation. In both phases owner-manager’s beliefs and perceptions play an important role. The proposed model is tested on a data set of Dutch farmers, based on computer-assisted personal interviews. Because we incorporate latent...

A bizalom és függőség szerepe a családi gazdaságok együttműködésében végzett gépi munkákban

Palavras-chave: Hedging; Futures; Structural equation modeling; Behavioral models; Futures exchanges; Choice models; Farmers; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46448

Takacs, Istvan; Baranyai, Zsolt.

A tanulmány a családi gazdálkodók együttműködési hajlandóságát befolyásoló tényezőket vizsgálja – Békés megye egy tradicionálisan mezőgazdasági termelő térségében készült – kérdőíves felmérés és mélyinterjúk tapasztalataira alapozva. A gazdálkodói bizalom és az együttműködési hajlandóság összefüggését elemezve megállapítható, hogy az alacsony függőséget, egyben alacsony bizalmi szintet is igénylő (valójában csak tágabban annak értelmezhető) együttműködési formák (jellemzően a gépi bérszolgáltatás) elfogadottsága a jellemző. Ugyanakkor a fiatalabb generációknál az erősebb függelmi kapcsolatokkal jellemezhető (a hagyományos értelemben vett) együttműködések elfogadottsága nagyobb, amely az agrárgeneráció-váltás bekövetkeztével esélyt teremt az együttműködési...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Bizalom; Függőség; Versenyképesség; Hatékonyság; Géphasználat; Trust; Dependence; Competitiveness; Efficiency; Machine use; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Public Economics.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99191

A COEVOLUTIONARY APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING THE PARADOX OF SOCIAL PRESSURES VERSUS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ACROSS THE WORLD'S FOOD CHAINS

Ng, Desmond W.; Westgren, Randall E.; Sonka, Steven T..

A Comparison of Actual and Hypothetical Willingness to Pay of Parents and Non-Parents for Protecting Infant Health: The Case of Nitrates in Drinking Water

Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24096

A Comparison of Household Food Security in Canada and the United States

Loomis, John B.; Bell, Paul; Cooney, Helen; Asmus, Cheryl.

We estimate adults’ willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce health risks to their own or other families’ infants to test for altruism. A conjoint analysis of adults paying for bottled water found marginal WTP for reduction in risk of shock, brain damage, and mortality in the cash treatment of $2, $3.70, and $9.43, respectively. In the hypothetical market these amounts were $14, $26, and $66, indicating substantial hypothetical bias, although not unexpected due to the topic of infant health. Statistical tests confirm a high degree of altruism in our WTP results, and altruism held even when real money was involved.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Altruism; Conjoint; Drinking water; Nitrates; Validity; Willingness to pay; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; I10; Q53.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56657

Nord, Mark; Hopwood, Heather.

Food security—consistent access to enough food for an active, healthy life—is essential for health and good nutrition. The extent to which a nation’s population achieves food security is an indication of its material and social well-being. Differences in the prevalence of household level food insecurity between Canada and the United States are described at the national level and for selected economic and demographic subpopulations. Associations of food security with economic and demographic characteristics are examined in multivariate analyses that hold other characteristics constant. Comparable measures of household food security were calculated from the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2.2 (2004) and the U.S. Current...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56488

A Critical Account of the Relationship between Institutional Trust, Risk Perception, and Technology Acceptance with an Application to Genetically Modified Foods

Boecker, Andreas; Nocella, Giuseppe.

This article critically reflects on the widely held view of a causal chain with trust in public authorities impacting technology acceptance via perceived risk. It first puts forward conceptual reason against this view, as the presence of risk is a precondition for trust playing a role in decision making. Second, results from consumer surveys in Italy and Germany are presented that support the associationist model as counter hypothesis. In that view, trust and risk judgments are driven by and thus simply indicators of higher order attitudes toward a certain technology which determine acceptance instead. The implications of these findings are discussed.

A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS APPROACH TO EXPLAIN THE PATH DEPENDENCY OF SEASONAL FARM LABOUR REGULATIONS IN GERMANY

Palavras-chave: Consumer trust; Risk perception; Technology acceptance; Genetic modification; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7749

Hess, Sebastian; Kleinschmit, Daniela; Theuvsen, Ludwig; von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan; Zschache, Ulrike.

This article introduces discourse analysis as a theoretical concept and an empirical methodology that may enable the endogenization of path creation and path breaking changes in conventional models of political path dependencies. Economic criteria such as rents created by a policy do not always provide a comprehensive explanation for path dependent political decisions. Discourse theory implies that specific interpretative schemata and narratives, such as storylines in the mass media, heavily influence the political discourse. Discourses themselves exercise a constitutive power that constrains decision-making processes and, thus, influence the ensuing policy creation path. Hence, discourses must be taken into account when political path creation is...

A DISCUSSION PAPER ON CANADIAN WHEAT BOARD GOVERNANCE

Palavras-chave: Agricultural Policy; Path Dependencies; Discourse Analysis; Seasonal Farm Labour; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52655

Fulton, Murray E..

A framework for analysing corporate social performance; Beyond the Wood model

Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 1997

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31758

Pierick, E. Ten; Beekman, Volkert; van der Weele, C.N.; Meeusen, Marieke J.G.; de Graaff, R.P.M..

Many business organisations put a lot of effort in raising their performance levels in the three dimensions of sustainability - i.e., people, planet, and profit. It is therefore important to measure and weight the effects of their efforts. In this report a framework is presented that is helpful in analysing the social, environmental, and economic activities of a business firm or chain. This framework is based on Wood's (1991) model of corporate social performance. However, it is enriched by incorporating contributions by other significant scientific studies in the fields of corporate social performance and business ethics. Furthermore, based on a review of the scientific literature, suggestions for operationalising the framework are offered.

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29081

A framework for institutional analysis for water resources management in a river basin context.

Bandaragoda, Don Jayatissa.

A Generic Four-step Methodology For Institutional Analysis

Palavras-chave: Institutional development; Organizational change; Water resource management; River basins; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92780

Herrera, Paul A.; Van Huylenbroeck, Guido; Espinel, Ramon L..

The central hypothesis of this paper is that there may be situations in which the traditional approach to institutional analysis is of limited applicability. Such an approach, which has been called 'comparative institutional analysis', consists of comparing institutional environments and institutional arrangements in terms of specific economic or other efficiency criteria to see which one performs better. However, because of limitations to accurately predict the future performance of alternative institutional settings, comparisons are not always possible. Furthermore, in most cases the only information available is the performance of the current institutional setting. To account for this methodological deficiency, a generic methodology for institutional...

A Global Project for Comparative Farm Analysis: The International Farm Comparison Network IFCN

Palavras-chave: New Institutional Economics; Governance structures; Institutional Change.; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; B52; D02; Q25.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24542

Deblitz, Claus; Hemme, Torsten; Isermeyer, Folkhard; Plessmann, Frank.

Before IFCN was founded, existing farm-level data sets for international comparisons - if there were any - were not comparable. Differences from country to country regarding methodology applied, extent of data sets (physical and financial figures), and availability of up-to-date figures caused the incomparability. The IFCN is a world-wide association of agricultural scientists, advisors and farmers. Within the framework of this co-operation, farms and agricultural production systems are defined that are typical for their regions. Their economic situation is analysed, and the farms can be projected into the future. At present, the network, which is coordinated by the IFCN-centre in Braunschweig, Germany, operates for three branches: dairy (> 30...

A HATÉKONYSÁG ÉS VERSENYKÉPESSÉG FŐBB KÉRDÉSEI A DÉL-ALFÖLDI TÉRSÉG GAZDASÁGAIBAN

Palavras-chave: Farm comparisons; Typical farms; International competitiveness; International Farm Comparison Network; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24247

Baranyai, Zsolt; Takacs, Istvan.

In the Hungarian agriculture private farms have a determining role. Since Hungary has became a European Union member country, in certain markets the performance and efficiency of these private farms are directly matched with the agronomics of other member countries. Considering this competitive situation when assessing private economies that are traditionally agricultural, based on a survey with personal interview and questionnaire the research focused on what characterizes the production structure of farms, which parameters describe equipment supply, as even so how the efficiency of soil, technical equipment and capital, which are the relevant resources of the agricultural production. Willingness of cooperation was also researched, focused on not only...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Egyéni gazdálkodás; Eszközhatékonység; Kérdőíves felmérés; Individual farming; Assets efficiency; Survey; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Production Economics.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43312

A Hedonic Analysis of Sheep and Goat Prices in a Changing Environment: The Role of Consumers and Implications for Management

Singh-Knights, Doolarie; Smith, Dennis K.; Knights, Marlon.

This paper examines whether buyers of live lambs and goats in the Northeast region have systematic preferences for specific live product attributes (age, weight, market class, sales lot size, market location and timing of sale) and whether they pay significantly different prices for these attributes consistent with their preferences. Non-linear hedonic models are estimated using auction price and quality data for live lambs and goats in specific Northeast markets. The results indicate that both lamb and goat buyers have systematic preferences for specific weight, market class and timing of sale, and that these preferences are implicitly reflected in prices offered in traditional auction markets. Producers can capitalize on price differences based on...

A Meta-Analysis of the Willingness to Pay for Reductions in Pesticide Risk Exposure

Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19289

Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Travisi, Chiara M.; Nijkamp, Peter.

The use of environmental policy instruments such as eco-labelling and pesticide taxes should preferably be based on disaggregate estimates of the individuals' willingness to pay (WTP) for pesticide risk reductions. We review the empirical valuation literature dealing with pesticide risk exposure and develop a taxonomy of environmental and human health risks associated with pesticide usage. Subsequently, we use meta-analysis to investigate the variation in WTP estimates for reduced pesticide risk exposure. Our findings show that the WTP for reduced risk exposure is approximately 15% greater for medium, and 80% greater for high risk-levels, as compared to low risk levels. The income elasticity of pesticide risk exposure is generally positive, although not...

A MICROECONOMIC APPROACH TO INDUCED INNOVATION

Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19524

Binswanger, Hans P..

Invention possibilities are reformulated using research processes which have a cost and different implications for rates and biases of technical change. In the comparative static model a firm has the choice to build a plant of existing design or to improve it by research. The firm maximizes present value over the lifetime of the plant. Research costs and present value of capital and labor costs influence research mix and rate and bias to technical change. Controversies in the literature of induced innovation are discussed in terms of the model. A rise in labor costs does not necessarily lead to a more labor saving bias.

A Microeconomic Model for Subsidies Allocation: the Case of Belarus

Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 1974

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14152

Svetlov, Nikolai M.; Kazakevich, Iryna A..

The paper develops a microeconomic methodological framework that allows approaching subsidy allocation across the types of assets and impact of subsidies on agricultural outputs and profits. The methodology is based on a non-parametric production frontier estimation. The empirical application is made to 1084 Belarusian corporate farms. The results suggest targeting governmental support at grain and milk production. In this case, 4.14 trillion Belarusian roubles of subsidies increase the overall profit of the sample farms by 1.46 trillion. In the case of targeting, the farms with higher overall efficiency are more sensitive to the support and are able to absorb larger amount of subsidies. The opposite is true in the absence of targeting.

A Model of Incentive Compatibility under Moral Hazard in Livestock Disease Outbreak Response

Palavras-chave: Microeconomic model; Data envelopment; Subsidies; Belarus; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; K18; C61.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90826

Gramig, Benjamin M.; Horan, Richard D.; Wolf, Christopher A..

This paper uses a principal-agent model to examine incentive compatibility in the presence of information asymmetry between the government and individual producers. Prior models of livestock disease have not incorporated information asymmetry between livestock managers and social planners. By incorporating the asymmetry, we investigate the role of incentives in producer behavior that influences the duration and magnitude of a disease epidemic.

A Multidimensional Homo Economicus: Cultural Dimensions of Economic Preferences in Four Countries

Palavras-chave: Livestock disease; Moral hazard; Principal-agent model; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19200

Ehmke, Mariah D.; Lusk, Jayson L.; Tyner, Wallace E..

Previous work in experimental economics reveals specific differences in economic behavior, especially reciprocity and free-riding behavior, across cultures. We expand the possible pallet of cross-cultural behavioral differences that may exist. We hypothesize that different kinds of strategic interaction and individual decision-making behaviors differ across locations. The variety of experiments we use allow us to report multidimensional rather than just single dimensional differences in behavior across locations. In order to build a broad Homo Economicus we conducted economic experiments in four dissimilar locations: Hangzhou, China; Niamey, Niger; Grenoble, France; Manhattan, Kansas; and West Lafayette, Indiana. Each subject completed an ultimatum...